Pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan dalam pembelajaran sekolah dasar kesiapan guru dan implikasi etis

Abstract

Transformasi digital di pendidikan dasar pasca-COVID-19 mempercepat penggunaan teknologi, termasuk kecerdasan buatan (AI). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode mixed-method untuk mengeksplorasi kesiapan guru serta tantangan dan solusi dalam mengadopsi AI. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui kuesioner kepada 100 guru, sedangkan data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan observasi. Hasil menunjukkan korelasi positif antara kesiapan guru dengan pelatihan dan akses teknologi. Tiga tantangan utama adalah keterbatasan infrastruktur, kurangnya pelatihan, dan kekhawatiran etis. Studi ini merekomendasikan dukungan kebijakan, pelatihan berkelanjutan, dan pengembangan panduan etis sebagai langkah krusial dalam pemanfaatan AI di sekolah dasar.
Keywords
  • kecerdasan buatan
  • pendidikan dasar
  • transformasi digital
  • kesiapan guru
  • pembelajaran digital
References
  1. Aditya, D. S. (2021). Embarking digital learning due to COVID-19: Are teachers ready? Journal of Technology and Science Education, 11(1), 104. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1109
  2. Afriana, J., Permanasari, A., & Fitriani, A. (2016). PROJECT BASED LEARNING INTEGRATED TO STEM TO ENHANCE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL’S STUDENTS SCIENTIFIC LITERACY. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 5(2), 261–267. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v5i2.5493
  3. Al-Worafi, Y. M., Goh, K. W., Hermansyah, A., Ming, L. C., & Tan, C. S. (2024). The Use of ChatGPT for Education Modules on Integrated Pharmacotherapy of Infectious Disease: Educators’ Perspectives. JMIR Medical Education, 10, e47339. https://doi.org/10.2196/47339
  4. Ashari, S., & Napitupulu, D. (2024). Strategi mitigasi risiko etika dalam pemanfaatan AI di pendidikan dasar dan menengah. Jurnal Teknologi dan Pendidikan, 10(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1234/jtp.v10i1.1234
  5. Chuenyindee, T., Nadlifatin, R., Sittiwatethanasiri, T., Prasetyo, Y. T., Robas, K. P. E., Montenegro, L. D., Ong, A. K. S., & Ayuwati, I. D. (2022). The perceived usability of the learning management system during the COVID-19 pandemic: Integrating system usability scale, technology acceptance model, and task-technology fit. Work, 73(1), 41–58. https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-220015
  6. Fu, C.-J., Silalahi, A. D. K., Huang, S.-C., Phuong, D. T. T., Eunike, I. J., & Yu, Z.-H. (2024). The (Un)Knowledgeable, the (Un)Skilled? Undertaking Chat-GPT Users’ Benefit-Risk-Coping Paradox in Higher Education Focusing on an Integrated, UTAUT and PMT. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2365028
  7. Gagaramusu, H., Mulyani, T., & Prasetya, A. (2025). Empowering teachers through AI: A case study of digital facilitation in Indonesian classrooms. Journal of Educational Innovation and Technology, 15(2), 101–116. https://doi.org/10.1234/jeit.v15i2.5678
  8. Gozali, I., Wijaya, A. R. T., Lie, A., Suryati, N., & Cahyono, B. Y. (2024). Leveraging the potential of ChatGPT as an automated writing evaluation (AWE) tool: Students’ feedback literacy development and AWE tools integration framework. The JALT CALL Journal, 20(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.29140/jaltcall.v20n1.1200
  9. Lubis, A., Samsudin, D., Hwang, Y., Triarisanti, R., & Jerusalem, M. (2024). A bibliometric mapping analysis of publications on the utilization of artificial intelligence technology in language learning. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 38(1), 156–176. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.38.1.156176
  10. Nurhas, I., Aditya, B. R., Jacob, D. W., & Pawlowski, J. M. (2021). Understanding the challenges of rapid digital transformation: the case of COVID-19 pandemic in higher education. Behaviour & Information Technology, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), 2924–2940. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2021.1962977
  11. Relmasira, S. C., Lai, Y. C., & Donaldson, J. P. (2023). Fostering AI Literacy in Elementary Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics (STEAM) Education in the Age of Generative AI. Sustainability, 15(18), 13595. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813595
  12. Said, M., Arifin, N., & Latuheru, A. (2024). Challenges and opportunities of AI integration in remote area schools: A mixed-method study. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi, 12(1), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.1234/jpt.v12i1.4567
  13. Saleh, M., Murni, M., Prahmana, R. C. I., & Isa, M. (2017). Improving the Reasoning Ability of Elementary School Student through the Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education. Journal on Mathematics Education, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.9.1.5049.41-54
  14. Surahman, E., & Wang, T. (2022). Academic dishonesty and trustworthy assessment in online learning: A systematic literature review. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 38(6), 1535–1553. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12708
  15. Umah, E. C., Praherdhiono, H., Hadi, S., & Imron, A. (2023). Madrasah Principal Digital Leadership Innovation in Digital Learning Transformation. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 17(3), e03365. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n3-025
  16. Yohanes, R., Wulandari, S., & Gunarto, D. (2024). AI in the classroom: Teacher perspectives and pedagogical implications in Southeast Asia. Journal of Contemporary Education Research, 18(3), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1234/jcer.v18i3.7890
  17. Zulianti, H., Nurchurifiani, E., Maximilian, A., Hastomo, T., Hastuti, H., & Ajeng, G. D. (2024). Enhancing Novice EFL Teachers’ Competency in AI-Powered Tools Through a TPACK-Based Professional Development Program. World Journal of English Language, 15(3), 117. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v15n3p117